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Amazon.com Books: air purification
Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.Author: Ronald M. Heck, Robert J. Farrauto, Suresh T. Gulati Hardcover: 544 pages Company: Wiley (2009-02-24) ISBN: 0470275030 List Price: $116.00 Amazon Price: $58.00 Used Price: $39.08 
Green plants work as a 'natural pollutant sink' on earth intercepting dust and pollutants from air and water. During photosynthesis, plants absorb CO2 and simultaneously other gases like oxides of sulphur & nitrogen (SO2 & NOx), ozone (O) and airborne ammonia (NH3) through their stomata. Plants also reduce air pollution by intercepting suspended particulate matters (SPM) and aerosols and retaining them on the leaf surface. Trees take up more pollutants including the particulate pollutants (PM10), than shorter vegetation. This book presents new and significant research in the role of plants in protecting the environment.Author: Rajiv K. Sinha, Shweta Singh Paperback: 63 pages Company: Nova Science Pub Inc (2010-07) ISBN: 1616681470 List Price: $49.00 Amazon Price: $47.94 
Unique problem-and-solution approach for quickly mastering a broad range of calculationsThis book's problem-and-solution approach enables readers to quickly grasp the fundamentals of air pollution control equipment and essential applications. Moreover, the author sets forth solid principles for the design and selection of air pollution control equipment as well as for its efficient operation and maintenance. Readers gain a deep understanding of both the equipment itself and the many factors affecting performance. Following two introductory chapters, the book dedicates four chapters to examining control equipment for gaseous pollutants, including adsorption, absorption, and incineration equipment. The remaining six chapters deal with equipment for managing airborne particulate pollutants, including gravity settlers, cyclones, electrostatic precipitators, scrubbers, and baghouses. The appendix contains discussions of hybrid systems, the SI system (including conversion constants), and a cost-equipment model. Each chapter offers a short introduction to the control device discussed. Next, progressively more difficult problems with accompanying solutions enable readers to build their knowledge as they advance through the chapter. Problems reflect the most recent developments in pollution control and include a variety of performance equations and operation and maintenance calculations. Each problem includes a statement of the problem, the data used to solve the problem, and a detailed solution. Readers may further hone their skills by visiting the text's Web site for additional problems and solutions. This publication serves both as a textbook for engineering students and as a reference for engineers and technicians who need to ensure that air pollution control equipment operates efficiently and enables their facility to meet all air pollution control standards and regulations. 
In the debate over pollution control, the price of pollution is a key issue. But which is more costly: clean up or prevention? From regulations to technology selection to equipment design, Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook serves as a single source of information on commonly used air pollution control technology. It covers environmental regulations and their history, process design, the cost of air pollution control equipment, and methods of designing equipment for control of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. This book covers how to: Review alternative design methods Select methods for control Evaluate the costs of control equipment Examine equipment proposals from vendors With its comprehensive coverage of air pollution control processes, the Air Pollution Control Technology Handbook is a detailed reference for the practicing engineer who prepares the basic process engineering and cost estimation required for the design of an air pollution control system. It discusses the topics in depth so that you can apply the methods and equations presented and proceed with equipment design. Author: Karl B. Schnelle Jr., Charles A. Brown Hardcover: 408 pages Company: CRC Press (2001-10-18) ISBN: 0849395887 List Price: $205.95 Amazon Price: $167.94 Used Price: $137.00 
This book presents a general methodology for process engineering and design which can be applied to solve any specific air pollution control problem. Problem- solving coverage includes optimization techniques, cost estimation methodology, control of gaseous pollutants emissions and nitrogen oxides emissions, the design of fabric filters, flue gas desulfurization systems, control of particulate matter emissions, and more. Aimed at chemical engineers to fully exploit their potential for the solution of air pollution control engineering problems. Author: Jaime Benitez Hardcover: 466 pages Facsimile Company: Prentice Hall (1992-11-06) ISBN: 0137232144 List Price: $116.00 Amazon Price: $104.11 Used Price: $77.89 
Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemical and biological contaminants from raw water. The goal is to produce water fit for a specific purpose. Most water is purified for human consumption (drinking water) but water purification may also be designed for a variety of other purposes, including to meet the requirements of medical, pharmacology, chemical and industrial applications. In general, the methods used include physical process such as filtration and sedimentation, biological processes such as slow sand filters or activated sludge, chemical process such as flocculation and chlorination and the use of electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light. The purification process of water may reduce the concentration of particulate matter including suspended particles, parasites, bacteria, algae, viruses, fungi; and a range of dissolved and particulate material derived from the minerals that water may have made contacted after falling as rain. This new book gathers the latest research from around the globe in this field.Hardcover: 300 pages Company: Nova Science Pub Inc (2009-12-30) ISBN: 1607415992 List Price: $150.00 Amazon Price: $102.16 Used Price: $102.21 
This is the first comprehensive handbook on technologies using U-V light for water and air treatment. This unique reference offers information on the fundamentals and practical applications on these technologies, using real-world examples.Highlights include:Explores economical aspects in a special chapterIncludes extensive list of more than 700 references and a glossary of terms according to the IUPAC nomenclatureOver 140 detailed figures visualize photochemcal and photophysical phenomena throughout the bookInvaluable to Environmental Chemists, Water Chemists and Process Engineers. 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air excluding parts across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air excluding parts. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 204 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 0497891875 List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for parts for industrial air purification equipment across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for parts for industrial air purification equipment. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 190 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 0497891883 List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 208 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 0497891891 List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 Amazon.com Books: air purification
This econometric study covers the world outlook for electrostatic precipitation dust collection and air purification equipment excluding parts across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for electrostatic precipitation dust collection and air purification equipment excluding parts. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 206 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 0497891921 List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for parts for dust collection and air purification equipment across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for parts for dust collection and air purification equipment. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 190 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 049789193X List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for dust collection and other air purification equipment and parts for cleaning incoming air across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-à-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for dust collection and other air purification equipment and parts for cleaning incoming air. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business.Author: Icon Group Paperback: 204 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2008-09-27) ISBN: 0497891948 List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 344 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "electrostatic precipitation dust collection and air purification equipment excluding parts" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 342 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "parts for industrial air purification equipment" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 330 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air excluding parts" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 344 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "parts for dust collection and air purification equipment" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 330 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This report was created for global strategic planners who cannot be content with traditional methods of segmenting world markets. With the advent of a "borderless world", cities become a more important criteria in prioritizing markets, as opposed to regions, continents, or countries. This report covers the top 2000 cities in over 200 countries. It does so by reporting the estimated market size (in terms of latent demand) for each major city of the world. It then ranks these cities and reports them in terms of their size as a percent of the country where they are located, their geographic region (e.g. Africa, Asia, Europe, Middle East, North America, Latin America), and the total world market. In performing various economic analyses for its clients, I have been occasionally asked to investigate the market potential for various products and services across cities. The purpose of the studies is to understand the density of demand within a country and the extent to which a city might be used as a point of distribution within its region. From an economic perspective, however, a city does not represent a population within rigid geographical boundaries. To an economist or strategic planner, a city represents an area of dominant influence over markets in adjacent areas. This influence varies from one industry to another, but also from one period of time to another. In what follows, I summarize the economic potential for the world's major cities for "dust collection and other air purification equipment and parts for cleaning incoming air" for the year 2009. The goal of this report is to report my findings on the real economic potential, or what an economist calls the latent demand, represented by a city when defined as an area of dominant influence. The reader needs to realize that latent demand may or may not represent real sales. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 342 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-05-01) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 
This econometric study covers the world outlook for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air excluding parts across more than 200 countries. For each year reported, estimates are given for the latent demand, or potential industry earnings (P.I.E.), for the country in question (in millions of U.S. dollars), the percent share the country is of the region and of the globe. These comparative benchmarks allow the reader to quickly gauge a country vis-a-vis others. Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each country and across countries, latent demand estimates are created. This report does not discuss the specific players in the market serving the latent demand, nor specific details at the product level. The study also does not consider short-term cyclicalities that might affect realized sales. The study, therefore, is strategic in nature, taking an aggregate and long-run view, irrespective of the players or products involved. This study does not report actual sales data (which are simply unavailable, in a comparable or consistent manner in virtually all of the 230 countries of the world). This study gives, however, my estimates for the worldwide latent demand, or the P.I.E., for dust collection and other air purification equipment for industrial gas cleaning systems for cleaning outgoing air excluding parts. It also shows how the P.I.E. is divided across the world's regional and national markets. For each country, I also show my estimates of how the P.I.E. grows over time (positive or negative growth). In order to make these estimates, a multi-stage methodology was employed that is often taught in courses on international strategic planning at graduate schools of business. Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 204 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2011-01-20) List Price: $795.00 Amazon Price: $795.00 Amazon.com Books: air purifier repair
This digital document is an article from ASHRAE Journal, published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. on March 1, 2008. The length of the article is 3541 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: Whole house air cleaners: effect on HVAC system performance: homeowners have a better awareness of the quality of air inside homes. As a result, the HVAC industry has been inundated with many types of whole house air cleaners. Author: Rakesh Goel Publication: ASHRAE Journal (Magazine/Journal) Date: March 1, 2008 Publisher: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Page: 51(8) Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning Author: Rakesh Goel Digital: 12 pages HTML Company: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (2008-03-01) (2009-06-06) List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $9.95 
A First-Hand Look at the High-Performance Civano Development This GreenSource book offers a complete survey of Civano, the largest high-performance mixed-use community in the United States. Located in Tucson, Arizona, Civano encompasses high standards of resource conservation, sustainability, and solar energy use. Inside the Civano Project features insider information on the planning, funding, building, and management of this development, which integrates residential communities with shopping, workplace, school, and civic facilities, as well as parks and natural open spaces. The book discusses the zoning and building code guidelines, sustainable building materials, energy standards, and water conservation technologies that make Civano ahead of its time. Inside the Civano Project covers: Behind-the-scenes preconstruction discussions Site analysis, planning, and zoningInsights from members of the Civano development teamThe Congress for the New UrbanismThe LEED-Neighborhood Development programPublic/private land development strategiesThe Urban Lands ActThe Integrated Method of Performance and Cost Tracking (IMPACT) SystemEnergy and water use monitoringPhotographs of CivanoChallenges, pitfalls, and lessons learned throughout Civano's developmentAuthor: Al Nichols, Jason Laros Hardcover: 320 pages Company: McGraw-Hill Professional (2009-08-12) ISBN: 0071599312 List Price: $69.95 Amazon Price: $16.37 Used Price: $16.36 Amazon.com Books: air purifier maintenance
Air purifiers are electric machines that work to make indoor air cleaner and breathable. Air purifiers are great for those who smoke, have pets, young children, allergies or even those who just want to breathe clean air. By investing on an air purifier, your home or your office space could easily transform into a pleasant place to be in, instead of an unhealthy setting. It is estimated that each year millions of Americans think about purchasing an air purifier for their home or their business. Are you one of those in the market for an air purifier? At a dilemma on the many what's, how's, and where's to buy? This book is your complete self-help guide in obtaining a sensible household or office investment that will give you your money's worth. Investigate the various functions for air purifiers and match them to your need. Consider the many buying and costs options. Evaluate the numerous benefits of owning one. There is also an added feature on product reviews to lead you to the very best choice! Make sure you're breathing clean, purified air every time. Get rid of those allergy & asthma symptoms. Order your copy of this book now & invest on your & your family's health!Author: K M S Publishing.com Paperback: 112 pages Company: CreateSpace (2009-11-29) ISBN: 1449926649 List Price: $15.95 Amazon Price: $15.95 Used Price: $87.79 This digital document is an article from ASHRAE Journal, published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. on March 1, 2008. The length of the article is 3541 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: Whole house air cleaners: effect on HVAC system performance: homeowners have a better awareness of the quality of air inside homes. As a result, the HVAC industry has been inundated with many types of whole house air cleaners. Author: Rakesh Goel Publication: ASHRAE Journal (Magazine/Journal) Date: March 1, 2008 Publisher: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Page: 51(8) Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning Author: Rakesh Goel Digital: 12 pages HTML Company: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (2008-03-01) (2009-06-06) List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $9.95 
In The Clan of the Cave Bear, theNeanderthals could not rob Ayla of her essential humanity, nor could the junglesubdue Lord Greystoke's inherent nobility in Tarzan of the Apes. In theyear 2055, young Grey Waters is faced with a group of advanced computer systemsdetermined to create a puppet governor capable of fulfilling their strategicgoals. Will this child, orphaned on an abandoned moon base, develop into ahuman robot? Or is there something in every person that can struggle above themost adverse circumstances?In this, the first book of the Waters of the Moonseries, young Grey faces a series of daunting challenges, including the enmityof the Security Computer and the Machiavellian schemes of his guardian, theLife Support Computer. Merely a pawn in the plans of the computers, Grey isvalued by some computer systems but deemed expendable by others. Intelligent,thoughtful, and anxious to please, Grey gradually learns of his human heritage.He's not impressed. Then, as he reaches maturity, Grey finally discovers thetrue intent of his computer masters and realizes the fate of all mankind mayone-day depend on Tranquility's leadership. Is it a responsibility he willleave to the computers, or find a way prevail over their ambitions?Author: Gregory Urbach Paperback: 340 pages Company: AuthorHouse (2002-04-01) ISBN: 075967986X List Price: $17.98 Amazon Price: $13.85 Used Price: $0.99 
A novel of uncommon daring and intelligence, The Antonym of Apathy leads us through an inspiring tale of hope, passion and revolution. Guided by a string of heroic female characters, each generation passes on their gifts of wisdom and accomplishments to the next to bring their shared vision of a society based on equality. Under the weight of Hitler's persecution of the Jews, the U.S. government, spearheaded by the first lady, creates a secret program to safe harbor Jewish refugees. The refugees are quietly raised in the town of Larkspur on a top secret military base in the New Mexico desert. Ava, a young refugee, horrified by the dawn of the nuclear era, dedicates her life to science in hopes of combating the creations of war. Her teenage daughter, Gloria, sets out to carry on the dreams of her mother, and reconcile the many unknowns of her family's past. We follow Gloria's harrowing journey into the heart of the country she for so long dreamed of belonging. The story explores a triumphant and soulful look at a painful time in America's past with a revelatory new vision for America's future.Author: Hilary Kyle Paperback: 364 pages Company: Antonym Publishing (2008-05-15) ISBN: 0981639100 List Price: $15.95 Amazon Price: $10.94 Used Price: $0.39 
Allergy and Candida Cooking: Understanding and Implementing Plans for Healing (revised Third Edition) is a comprehensive, user-friendly cookbook and healing guide for those with Candida-Related Complex and food allergies. This book is unique in providing a Healing Action Plan for both yeast overgrowth and food allergies. The interplay between the two health challenges is clearly defined and addressed. A 4-Stage Candida-Control Food Plan and a 4-Day Rotational Food Plan are included with ample assistance for personalizing the plans to meet your needs. Over 375 recipes and menus support the food plans and include helpful hints for preparing appetizing meals and snacks that are free of common allergens and free of foods that contribute to yeast overgrowth.Author: Sondra Kay Lewis Paperback: 256 pages ISBN13: 9780964346260, Condition: New, Notes: BRAND NEW FROM PUBLISHER! 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. Tracking provided on most orders. Buy with Confidence! Millions of books sold! Company: Canary Connect Publications (2009-05-22) (2009-05-22) ISBN: 0964346265 List Price: $25.95 Amazon Price: $18.25 Used Price: $3.77 
In the classic tradition of Tarzan of the Apes and Clan of the Cave Bear comes Waters of the Moon, the saga of an orphaned child raised by computers on an abandoned moonbase. Born during a time of crisis, young Grey Waters faces daunting challenges, including the enmity of the Security Computer and the Machiavellian schemes of his guardian, the Life Support Computer. Merely a pawn in the pains of the machines, Grey is valued by some systems but distrusted by others. Intelligent, thoughtful, and anxious to please, Grey finally discovers the true intentions of his computer masters and realizes that the fate of mankind may one day depend on Tranquility's leadership. Is it a responsibility he will surrender to the computers, or will he find a way to prevail over their ambitions? 
In Sentinel Event Behind Bars, a Correctional Officer, prison guard, dies in the medical facility of a maximum security state penitentiary in North Carolina. Doctor Jacob Stein, a physician surveyor for the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations known as JCAHO, is once again assigned to investigate the incident, a sentinel event, for JCAHO. Jake becomes suspicious that the C.O. was actually murdered, but before he can report his suspicions to the BOP, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, he is trapped behind bars, surrounded by high concrete walls, because of a tropical hurricane. Jake and his wife, Rhoda, are taken hostage with a threat to be killed, but before they can be harmed they are rescued at the eleventh hour in an unexpected turn of events.Author: Jules M. Seletz MD Paperback: 204 pages Company: BookSurge Publishing (2009-03-02) (2009-03-02) ISBN: 1439228884 List Price: $16.95 Amazon Price: $16.95 Amazon.com Books: air purifier parts
This digital document is an article from ASHRAE Transactions, published by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. on January 1, 2011. The length of the article is 3697 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
From the author: Also the studied VOCs were found to be removed by the PCOC3, but at substantially lower rates; in the range of a few air changes per hour only. Citation Details Title: Air cleaning by photo catalytic oxidation: an experimental performance test.(Report) Author: Ragib Kadribegovic Publication: ASHRAE Transactions (Magazine/Journal) Date: January 1, 2011 Publisher: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Volume: 117 Issue: 1 Page: 426(8) Article Type: Report Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning Author: Ragib Kadribegovic, Lars Ekberg, Antonia Gilligan, Bingbing Shi Digital: 13 pages HTML Company: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (2011-01-01) (2011-05-31) List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $9.95 
Create Homes, Offices, and Schools where: You Feel Great! Kids get better grades in School Businesses make more Money. Numerous studies have shown than being indoors affects our health and well-being. Mold, chemicals, and "mystery" toxins affect academic achievement in schools and productivity at work. Did you know: Bleach does not kill mold. Ozone type air-purifiers damage your lungs. Vinegar is the best anti-microbial in the world. Healthy Living Spaces is your guide to simple and effective ways to feel good indoors. There are many things affecting our health. Fortunately, ninety-percent can be avoided by looking at the Top Ten Hazards Affecting Your Health. Learn how to: Prevent and eliminate mold Allergen-proof your home Get a good night's sleep Daniel Stih is a certified mold inspector, indoor environmental consultant and aerospace engineer. In this book, Healthy Living Spaces, he takes you on a journey to create a healthier living space, be it your home, office or school.Author: Daniel P Stih Paperback: 138 pages Company: Healthy Living Spaces (2010-01-01) ISBN: 0979468507 List Price: $18.95 Amazon Price: $11.23 Used Price: $10.99 This digital document is an article from Fleet Equipment, published by Maple Communications on June 1, 2001. The length of the article is 1626 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: TRUCK PRODUCTS. Publication: Fleet Equipment (Magazine/Journal) Date: June 1, 2001 Publisher: Maple Communications Volume: 27 Issue: 6 Page: 36 Distributed by Thomson Gale Digital: 6 pages HTML Company: Maple Communications (2001-06-01) (2005-07-28) List Price: $5.95 Amazon Price: $5.95 
Content is organized within 12 thematic units, including Everyday Language, People, Housing, Food and Recreation. Each unit starts with an Intro page (new to this edition) and ends with a story page, with single or double-page sub-topics introducing new words in a realistic visual context and easy-to-learn "chunks." The target new vocabulary is listed and simple practice activities help students put their new words into practice. Story pages include pre-reading questions to build previewing and predicting skills and post-reading questions and role-play activities to support critical thinking and to encourage students to use the new language they have learned. Rich visual contexts recycle words from the unit. This structure is designed to address the needs of multilevel classrooms. Supporting components include more guidance on this topic as well as assessing needs and lesson planning. (available in English only).Author: Jayme Adelson-Goldstein, Norma Shapiro, Jenni Currie Santamaria Spiral-bound: 303 pages Company: Oxford University Press, USA (2008-08-04) ISBN: 0194740226 List Price: $35.69 Amazon Price: $30.98 Used Price: $18.32 
You don'¬?t need to own a car to live well in America. In fact, you'¬?d probably be better off without one. In this groundbreaking guide, award-winning journalist Chris Balish exposes the true costs of car ownership and shows how car-free living can put anyone on the path to financial freedom. Using the book'¬?s car cost worksheet, first figure out how much owning a car really costs-you'¬?ll be surprised. Then, see how easy it is to transition to a car-free or car-lite lifestyle using Chris'¬?s strategies for commuting, running errands, taking trips, dating, socializing, and more. You'¬?ll also find hundreds of tips and success stories from car-free people in cities and suburbs across America. Without car payments, rising gas prices, and traffic jams to worry about, you'¬?ll have more money and leisure time to spend as you choose. Discover why getting rid of your car may be the soundest and sanest lifestyle change you can make.ReviewsView a video clip from NBC's Today Show: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/25609661/ "Chris Balish offers a mix of the practical-a worksheet to figure out a car's total cost and impact-as well as the horrifying: The average American walks just 300 yards a day."-Sierra Magazine "If ever there was a practical inducement to get out of the car trap, this is it. For the multitude of Americans stuck in traffic and spending thousands of dollars a year on their cars, Chris'¬?s lively and pragmatic step-by-step solutions provide a way out."-Jane Holtz Kay, author of Asphalt Nation"Chris Balish's book can help environmentally conscious Americans live their values. If you're concerned about pollution and global warming, follow the program in these pages. There can be life without a car. And a good life at that!"-Ed Begley, Jr., actor and environmental activist"[Chris Balish's] prescriptions are feasible and most important, reasonable."-San Antonio Express News"Even if living car-free or car-lite isn't for you, you'll still learn a lot from this book. I did."-Michelle Singletary, Washington PostListen to Chris Balish talk about living car-free in Los Angeles on NPR's Morning Edition.Author: Chris Balish Paperback: 224 pages ISBN13: 9781580087575, Condition: New, Notes: BRAND NEW FROM PUBLISHER! 100% Satisfaction Guarantee. Tracking provided on most orders. Buy with Confidence! Millions of books sold! Company: Ten Speed Press (2006-08-05) (2006-09-01) ISBN: 1580087574 List Price: $12.95 Amazon Price: $2.99 Used Price: $0.83 
Covering everything you need to know for any home task. From quick-fix repair jobs to major construction, this is the ultimate visual guide to every aspect of home improvement. Including hundreds of expert techniques to repair, maintain, or transform your home. Unique, step-by-step, photographic approach shows you each stage of every task. Over 3,500 images clearly explain how things are put together and what goes where. This DIY features comprehensive coverage of all the tools and materials needed for every job. Get the know-how with the DK DIY show-how! Bridges the gap between the beginner and the experienced home improver, covering general, everyday tasks, but also provides comprehensive coverage for the expert. Fresh, modern design beautifully illustrated with full-color photography - more than any comparable title. "Shows you what other DIY books only tell you": exploded artworks illustrate the internal workings of your house and help you understand and work with its different structures and systems. Unique, step-by-step, photographic approach to all aspects of DIY actually shows you each stage of every task, from fixing simple problems to more advanced home improvements. Makes even the hard tasks appear easy. Content specially focused to cover the most common DIY tasks in depth: overall approach tailored to the typical DK reader.Author: Julian Cassell, Peter Parham, Theresa Coleman Hardcover: 512 pages Company: DK ADULT (2006-10-16) ISBN: 0756617049 List Price: $35.00 Amazon Price: $17.87 Used Price: $5.99 
Respected science fiction author-editors Gregory Benford and George Zebrowski present an anthology, with unique color illustrations, that is filled with the excitement, poetry, and adventure awaiting us in the limitless final frontier that is the sky. For years, science fiction has portrayed humankind growing away from the cradle of Earth through spacecraft, space stations, and space homes. Skylife features stories by such masters of science fiction as Arthur C. Clarke, Isaac Asimov, Ray Bradbury, Larry Niven, Joan Vinge, and James Blish-in addition to several essays by scientists-all of which come together in one spectacular volume to provide a picture of our possible future beyond Earth. Hardcover: 368 pages Company: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2000-04-21) ISBN: 0151002924 List Price: $28.00 Amazon Price: $4.99 Used Price: $0.99 
Dr. Miles St. Clair is a leader in his field of genetic cloning. A Nobel Prize-winning scientist for his work cloning an ancient mummified primate, he is hired to retrieve DNA from the Shroud of Turin, believed by many to be the burial cloth of Jesus Christ. The project is funded by a private group of European businessmen, who invite him to France to delve deeper into the mystery of the shroud. When he arrives in Paris, he discovers that he actually has been hired to clone an ancient king, whose DNA has been extracted from religious relics. By doing so, his employers believe they will set in motion the Parousia, a Biblical prophecy of such epic proportions that its success will change the course of the world forever. His KingdomS Come is a gripping novel chronicling the clash between faith and science.Author: Robert Kiger Paperback: 376 pages Company: BookSurge Publishing (2009-02-19) (2009-02-19) ISBN: 141969569X List Price: $18.99 Amazon Price: $14.96 Used Price: $4.11 
Naomi Connor is a hot computer security consultant who breaches unbreachable defenses before hackers can. Her new assignment is a security audit for the company she nearly destroyed herself once as an illegal hacker. Returning to the scene of her crime could put her reputation and heart at risk when she meets the Chief Technology Officer Joe Casey, conservative at heart and cynical about love. But Naomi has ways of penetrating all kinds of firewalls and generating the kind of sparks even Joe can't ignore. But with a secret like hers, romance could be big trouble.Author: Marianna Jameson Paperback: 432 pages Company: Signet (2006-05-02) ISBN: 0451218256 List Price: $6.99 Amazon Price: $3.79 Used Price: $0.01 
Webster's bibliographic and event-based timelines are comprehensive in scope, covering virtually all topics, geographic locations and people. They do so from a linguistic point of view, and in the case of this book, the focus is on "Adsorbents," including when used in literature (e.g. all authors that might have Adsorbents in their name). As such, this book represents the largest compilation of timeline events associated with Adsorbents when it is used in proper noun form. Webster's timelines cover bibliographic citations, patented inventions, as well as non-conventional and alternative meanings which capture ambiguities in usage. These furthermore cover all parts of speech (possessive, institutional usage, geographic usage) and contexts, including pop culture, the arts, social sciences (linguistics, history, geography, economics, sociology, political science), business, computer science, literature, law, medicine, psychology, mathematics, chemistry, physics, biology and other physical sciences. This "data dump" results in a comprehensive set of entries for a bibliographic and/or event-based timeline on the proper name Adsorbents, since editorial decisions to include or exclude events is purely a linguistic process. The resulting entries are used under license or with permission, used under "fair use" conditions, used in agreement with the original authors, or are in the public domain.Author: Icon Group International Paperback: 476 pages Company: ICON Group International, Inc. (2009-06-06) ISBN: 0546858651 List Price: $28.95 Amazon Price: $28.95 Amazon.com Books: air purifier parts
Author of 2001: A Space Odyssey, Childhood's End, The City and the Stars, and the Hugo and Nebula Award-winning Rendezvous with Rama, Arthur C. Clarke is the most celebrated science fiction author alive. He is—with H. G. Wells, Isaac Asimov, and Robert A. Heinlein—one of the writers who define science fiction in our time. Now Clarke has cooperated in the preparation of a massive, definitive edition of his collected shorter works. From early work like "Rescue Party" and "The Lion of Comarre," through classics like "The Star," "Earthlight," "The Nine Billion Names of God," and "The Sentinel" (kernel of the later novel, and movie, 2001: A Space Odyssey), all the way to later work like "A Meeting with Medusa" and "The Hammer of God," this immense volume encapsulates one of the great SF careers of all time. Author: Arthur C. Clarke Hardcover: 912 pages Company: Tor Books (2001-02-10) ISBN: 0312878214 List Price: $29.95 Amazon Price: $80.00 Used Price: $10.00 
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a method for satisfying customers by translating their demands into design targets and quality assurance points. For a thorough "how-to" on the implementation of QFD, we went directly to the source -- Yoji Akao, the creator of QFD and one of the foremost leaders of the Japanese Total Quality Control movement.In this unprecedented book he explains the concepts and methods of this remarkable systems engineering approach. Filled with case studies, detailed charts, and over 100 diagrams, this book is a complete reference tool for QFD implementation. It includes:Using the demanded quality deployment chart.Using and promoting quality charts.Using quality control process charts: QFD at the pre-production.Quality deployment and reliability deployment.Quality development in the construction industry.QFD for the service industry.QFD for software development. 
Today, many companies are flourishing by delivering high-quality products while pursuing policies that leave the world a cleaner, better place. Those policies can help retain customers, energize employees, and serve as brand-building tools. This book shows managers practical steps to make their companies environmentally responsible while staying profitable and efficient. Environmentalist and businesswoman Kim Carlson shows managers how to green company operations by moving to a paperless office, recycling at work, setting up employee carpools, developing eco-friendly packaging, using green building products, and more. She explains in detail topics ranging from green marketing to setting up a carbon footprint assessment for the company. With this book at their side, managers can turn green into profits.Author: Kim Carlson Paperback: 288 pages Company: Adams Media (2008-12-17) ISBN: 1598699059 List Price: $14.95 Amazon Price: $2.83 Used Price: $0.01 
Life of ww#2 vetAuthor: Charles Risher Paperback: 130 pages Company: CreateSpace (2010-02-03) ISBN: 1450572669 List Price: $7.00 Amazon Price: $6.06 Used Price: $599.44 
A Diversified Handbook That Educates Everyone! Stop unnecessary expenses and grief from life's broadsiding unknowns! "Real Life 202" is a highly informative book that will awaken you to some of life's biggest pitfalls and give you the vital information you need to avoid them. Jana Lee has not only researched her subject matter meticulously, but also writes from her own life experience, offering a wealth of information that people need to know.Author: Jana Lee Paperback: 102 pages Company: Veritas Pub (2005-05) ISBN: 0976614707 List Price: $14.99 Amazon Price: $14.89 Used Price: $3.00 
Paperback:
260 pages
Import
Company: Le Petit fute (2004-04) ISBN: 2746909030 List Price: Amazon Price: Used Price: $19.99 Amazon.com Books: air quality
Ozone-destroying chemicals, greenhouse gases, and dangerous airborne substances that were once thought to be benign are the most urgent issues facing air pollution control experts. Students need a thorough, updated reference that explores these current trends while also covering the fundamental concepts of this emerging discipline. A new revision of a bestseller, Air Quality, Fourth Edition provides a comprehensive overview air quality issues, including a better understanding of atmospheric chemistry, the effects of pollution on public health and the environment, and the technology and regulatory practices used to achieve air quality goals. New sections cover toxicological principles and risk assessment. The book also contains revised discussions on public policy concerns, with a focus on air quality standards for ozone depletion and global warming, and the health effects of particulate air pollutants. This edition continues to serve as a very readable text for advanced level undergraduate and early graduate study in environmental science, environmental management, and in programs related to the study of public health, industrial hygiene, and pollution control. Author: Thad Godish Hardcover: 480 pages Company: CRC Press (2003-07-28) ISBN: 156670586X List Price: $102.95 Amazon Price: $85.28 Used Price: $58.85 
Blending information from popular mainstream articles, highly technical publications, and research journals, the second edition of Principles of Air Quality Management features new sections on air toxics, new information on chronic and acute health effects, and new approaches to the assessment of those impacts on sensitive populations. It emphasizes toxic air pollutants and alternative approaches to management of air quality in local environments. The book explains how primary pollutants form in industrial and mobile combustion processes and the latest on how they are controlled. It also presents in-depth information on the meteorology of atmospheric transport and explains how secondary photochemical pollutants form in ambient air.Author: Roger D. Griffin Hardcover: 334 pages Company: CRC Press (2006-09-11) ISBN: 084937099X List Price: $124.95 Amazon Price: $93.00 Used Price: $58.40 
This book documents how much U.S. air quality has improved in recent decades and gives by far the most accurate picture available of continuing air pollution problems and how to address them.Author: Joel M. Schwartz, Steven F. Hayward Paperback: 275 pages Company: Aei Press (2007-12-17) ISBN: 0844771872 List Price: $20.00 Amazon Price: $3.55 Used Price: $3.50 
Finding solutions to indoor air quality problems is often a complex, multifaceted endeavor. This practical desk reference serve as a guide and information resource – both on treating existing indoor air problems effectively – and on preventing costly IAQ problems from occurring in the first place. A single discipline approach unfortunately tends to narrow both the control and the treatments options. This book cuts across professions to offer those concerned with the total facility a broader, more comprehensive approach to managing indoor air quality and mitigating indoor air quality problems. The third edition is extensively updated and edited in response to the rapid pace of changes and advances in the IAQ industry.Author: H.E. Burroughs, Shirley J. Hansen Hardcover: 350 pages Company: Fairmont Press (2011-04-25) ISBN: 1439870144 List Price: $119.95 Amazon Price: $100.00 Used Price: $98.14 
Indoor Air Quality Engineering covers a wide range of indoor air quality engineering principles and applications, providing guidelines for identifying and analyzing indoor air quality problems as well as designing a system to mitigate these problems. Structured into three sections - properties and behavior of airborne pollutants, measurement and sampling efficiency, and air quality enhancement technologies - this book uses real-life examples, design problems, and solutions to illustrate engineering principles. Professionals and students in engineering, environmental sciences, public health, and industrial hygiene concerned with indoor air quality control will find Indoor Air Quality Engineering provides effective methods, technologies, and principles not traditionally covered in other texts.Author: Yuanhui Zhang Hardcover: 640 pages Company: CRC Press (2004-07-15) ISBN: 1566706742 List Price: $113.95 Amazon Price: $29.95 Used Price: $100.68 
In the new millennium, indoor air quality methodologies have expanded, evolved, and morphed. This book addresses the old and the new. The focus is shifting from a knee-jerk to a more proactive response. Although indoor air quality in older buildings will continue to present old challenges, new construction is going forward with new challenges. Indoor Air Quality: The Latest Sampling Methods, Second Edition covers basic concepts and details various approaches to the identification and assessment of indoor air contaminants that contribute to building-related illness in commercial buildings, institutions, and residences. Included are newly added topics focusing on less common concerns in indoor air quality such as psychological and building comfort factors and approaches to assessing air movement within buildings. Expanded appendices and three new chapters provide the reader with 30 percent new material, including the most recent approaches to indoor air quality as well as more inclusive information to further address quality problems. Coverage includes: New Sewage Gases and HV AC Systems, assessment guidelines, "tainted Chinese drywall," green buildings, and the LEED Rating System and ASHRAE 189.1 A historic overview with regulatory limits and guidelines; preliminary investigation methods including means for assessing complaints; and a means for speculation, narrowing the hunt for offenders Sampling methodologies for volatile organic compounds; microbial volatile organic compounds; carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; formaldehyde; and product emissions Sampling methodologies for animals allergens such as dust mites and forensic methods for identifying dust components The book is a "practical guide" for developing a theory and following it through to the sampling methodologies, identification and interpretation of suspect/known air contaminants, and assessing HVAC and sewage systems. Author: Kathleen Hess-Kosa Hardcover: 397 pages Company: CRC Press (2011-05-24) ISBN: 143982665X List Price: $119.95 Amazon Price: $101.00 Used Price: $99.95 
Air Quality Assessment and Management: A Practical Guide describes the techniques available for an assessment while detailing the concepts and methodologies involved. It reviews the principles of air quality management; primary sources of air pollution; impact of emissions on human health, flora and fauna; scoping of air quality impacts; baseline monitoring; impact prediction; impact significance; and pollution mitigation and control. Emphasis will be placed on the practical side of AQA, with numerous international case studies and exercises to aid the reader in their understanding of concepts and applications.Author: Dr Owen Harrop, Owen Harrop Paperback: 400 pages Company: Spon Press (2001-12-15) ISBN: 0415234115 List Price: $109.95 Amazon Price: $69.17 Used Price: $9.45 This digital document is an article from Regulation, published by Cato Institute on June 22, 2004. The length of the article is 6077 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: The EPA's risky reasoning: recent revisions to the air quality standards show a worrisome misuse of science.(Environment)(Environmental Protection Agency) Author: Cary Coglianese Publication: Regulation (Refereed) Date: June 22, 2004 Publisher: Cato Institute Volume: 27 Issue: 2 Page: 16(7) Distributed by Thomson Gale Author: Cary Coglianese, Gary E. Marchant Digital: 21 pages HTML Company: Cato Institute (2004-06-22) (2005-08-01) List Price: $5.95 Amazon Price: $5.95 This digital document is an article from E, published by Earth Action Network, Inc. on September 1, 2000. The length of the article is 1028 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: INDIA: Clouds Got In the Way.(the poor air quality of India has begun to affect the Indian Ocean as well)(Brief Article) Author: Jim Motavalli Publication: E (Magazine/Journal) Date: September 1, 2000 Publisher: Earth Action Network, Inc. Volume: 11 Issue: 5 Page: 38 Article Type: Brief Article Distributed by Thomson Gale Author: Jim Motavalli Digital: 4 pages HTML Company: Earth Action Network, Inc. (2000-09-01) (2005-07-28) List Price: $5.95 Amazon Price: $5.95 This digital document is an article from Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, published by Thomson Gale on October 1, 2007. The length of the article is 13375 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: Will the circle be unbroken: a history of the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standards.(CRITICAL REVIEW DISCUSSION)(Report) Author: Judith C. Chow Publication: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Magazine/Journal) Date: October 1, 2007 Publisher: Thomson Gale Volume: 57 Issue: 10 Page: 1151(13) Article Type: Report Distributed by Thomson Gale Author: Judith C. Chow, John G. Watson, Howard J. Feldman, Janice E. Nolen, Barry Wallerstein, George M. Hidy, Paul J. Lioy, Herbert McKee, David Mobley, Keith Baugues, John D. Bachmann Digital: 45 pages HTML Company: Thomson Gale (2007-10-01) (2007-12-15) List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $9.95 Amazon.com Books: air quality
This digital document is an article from Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, published by Air and Waste Management Association on October 1, 2010. The length of the article is 12313 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: Multipollutant air quality management.(2010 CRITICAL REVIEW DISCUSSION) Author: Judith C. Chow Publication: Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (Magazine/Journal) Date: October 1, 2010 Publisher: Air and Waste Management Association Volume: 60 Issue: 10 Page: 1154(11) Distributed by Gale, a part of Cengage Learning Author: Judith C. Chow, John D. Bachmann, John D. Kinsman, Allan H. Legge, John G. Watson, George M. Hidy, William T. Pennell Digital: 42 pages HTML Company: Air and Waste Management Association (2010-10-01) (2010-11-08) List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $9.95 
In Smokestacks and Progressives, David Stradling explains the evolution of one of America's first environmental movements—the antismoke crusade of the early 1900s. The roots of modern environmentalism, Stradling explains, reach deep into the Victorian era, when early reformers connected beauty, health, and cleanliness with morality and demanded government assistance in maintaining all of them. Air quality became an important issue for middle-class residents in coal-dependent cities—how could a city without pure air, they asked, truly be clean, healthful, and moral? Eventually engineers came to the fore, displaced the reformers (many of them women) as leaders of the movement, and answered their own question—how to abate dirty air. Author: David Stradling Paperback: 288 pages Company: The Johns Hopkins University Press (2002-11-18) ISBN: 0801872502 List Price: $28.00 Amazon Price: $18.50 Used Price: $1.72 
The result of 10 years of research on the worsening of the air pollution problem in Asia’s developing nations, this book provides an overview of air quality in six cities across Asia. It discusses pollution in Bangkok, Thailand; Beijing, China; Chennai, India; Dan Dung, Indonesia; Manila, Philippines; and Hanoi, Vietnam and offers offers potential pollution reduction approaches. This reference covers data collection, modeling of urban pollution levels, control technologies, and devices for toxic gaseous pollutants and integrates them into a cost-effective air quality management strategy for the major polluting centers in Asia and around the world. Hardcover: 434 pages Company: CRC Press (2012-04-09) ISBN: 1439862257 List Price: $129.95 Amazon Price: $121.00 In setting primary ambient air quality standards, EPA's responsibility under the law is to establish standards that protect public health, regardless of the costs of implementing a new standard. The Clean Air Act requires EPA, for each criteria pollutant, to set a standard that protects public health with "an adequate margin of safety." As interpreted by the Agency and the courts, the Act requires EPA to create standards based on health considerations only. This book provides illustrative estimates of the incremental costs and monetised human health benefits of attaining a revised short-term Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) within the current monitoring network.
Hardcover: Company: Nova Science Pub Inc (2012-03-31) ISBN: 1621009262 List Price: $185.00 Amazon Price: $185.00 
Industry demand for the safety, health, and productivity of building occupants requires the routine monitoring of indoor air quality (IAQ) for contaminants by maintenance technicians and other industry personnel. As HVAC systems have become more technologically complex, taking accurate measurements of the quality if indoor air has become even more critical.Indoor Air Quality Solutions for Stationary Engineers provides an overview of what IAQ is, instruments and testing procedures, and how to maintain IAQ in institutional and commercial facilities. Required safety practices, environmental protection, and common building stationary engineering applications are emphasized throughout, and references to ANSI, EPA, and ASHRAE standards are provided. Author: In Partnership with the International Union of Operating Engineers Paperback: 400 pages Company: Amer Technical Pub (2009-01-01) ISBN: 0826907180 List Price: $66.00 Amazon Price: $48.18 
* Tackles the complex environmental issue of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) for industrial hygienists, HVAC engineers, architects and anyone else concerned with the air quality of interiors * Infused with charts, tables, and all the major formulas and calculations necessary to monitor and characterize a particular environment * Includes all relevant codes, standards and guidelines Author: John D. Spengler, John F. McCarthy, Jonathan M. Samet Hardcover: 1488 pages Company: McGraw-Hill Professional (2000-12-19) ISBN: 0074455494 List Price: $125.00 Amazon Price: $575.00 Used Price: $132.59 
Understanding Indoor Air Quality presents a comprehensive examination of indoor air pollution that addresses the scope, origins, social context, and human health consequences of this emerging public health issue. Topics including the history, social context, and point sources of pollutants and their subsequent consequences are discussed. New and practical approaches for the diagnosis of indoor air quality problems are also addressed. The book's extensive coverage of indoor air pollution makes it essential for physicians, nurses, industrial hygienists, safety professionals, building owners and managers, office managers and workers, as well as others concerned with this problem.Author: Bradford O. Brooks Hardcover: 208 pages Company: CRC Press (1991-12-02) ISBN: 0849388465 List Price: $179.95 Amazon Price: $37.99 Used Price: $10.22 This digital document is an article from E, published by Earth Action Network, Inc. on November 1, 2000. The length of the article is 886 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.
Citation Details Title: The Inside Scoop.(indoor air pollution)(Brief Article) Author: Kathleen O'neil Publication: E (Magazine/Journal) Date: November 1, 2000 Publisher: Earth Action Network, Inc. Volume: 11 Issue: 6 Page: 44 Article Type: Brief Article Distributed by Thomson Gale Author: Kathleen O'neil Digital: 3 pages HTML Company: Earth Action Network, Inc. (2000-11-01) (2005-07-28) List Price: $5.95 Amazon Price: $5.95 
Air Quality Compliance and Permitting Handbook provides a straightforward, easy-to-read, nonlegal explanation of the regulatory and technical concepts of air quality compliance, explaining how to effectively manage air compliance at a facility. Although the majority of the book is devoted to a wide general applicability, it also describes the actual permit submissions that are required under regulations (many of which end up being state requirements) and the technical and analytical approaches which are needed in preparing the information required in the permit applications. Useful topics include: Fundamental 1990 and previous Clean Air Act concepts, Permitting, Compliance Checklists and risk assessment methodologies.Author: Richard Trzupek Hardcover: 671 pages Company: McGraw-Hill Professional (2002-10-02) ISBN: 0071373349 List Price: $131.00 Amazon Price: Used Price: $213.71 
Author: Valerie RappPaperback: 72 pages Company: Lerner Classroom (2008-09) ISBN: 0761338780 List Price: $9.95 Amazon Price: $6.98 Used Price: $4.76 |
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air quality indoor (Category: Books )
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air purifier (Category: Books )
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clean air (Category: Books )
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HubMed - air purifier
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Aug 1; 45(15): 6475-82 This study evaluated the performance of retrofit systems for diesel-powered school buses, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) muffler and a spiracle crankcase filtration system (CFS), regarding ultrafine particles (UFPs) and other air pollutants from tailpipe emissions and inside bus cabins. Tailpipe emissions and in-cabin air pollutant levels were measured before and after retrofitting when the buses were idling and during actual pick-up/drop off routes. Retrofit systems significantly reduced tailpipe emissions with a reduction of 20-94% of total particles with both DOC and CFS installed. However, no unequivocal decrease was observed for in-cabin air pollutants after retrofitting. The AC/fan unit and the surrounding air pollutant concentrations played more important roles for determining the in-cabin air quality of school buses than did retrofit technologies. Although current retrofit systems reduce children's exposure while waiting to board at a bus station, retrofitting by itself does not protect children satisfactorily from in-cabin particle exposures. Turning on the bus engine increased in-cabin UFP levels significantly only when the wind blew from the bus' tailpipe toward its hood with its windows open. This indicated that wind direction and window position are significant factors determining how much self-released tailpipe emissions may penetrate into the bus cabin. The use of an air purifier was found to remove in-cabin particles by up to 50% which might be an alternative short-to-medium term strategy to protect children's health. J Environ Public Health. 2011; 2011: 324809 Wood burning for residential heating is prevalent in the Rocky Mountain regions of the United States. Studies have shown that wood stoves can be a significant source of PM(2.5) within homes. In this study, the effectiveness of an electrostatic filter portable air purifier was evaluated (1) in a home where a wood stove was the sole heat source and (2) in a home where a wood stove was used as a supplemental heat source. Particle count concentrations in six particle sizes and particle mass concentrations in two particle sizes were measured for ten 12-hour purifier on and ten purifier off trials in each home. Particle count concentrations were reduced by 61-85 percent. Similar reductions were observed in particle mass concentrations. These findings, although limited to one season, suggest that a portable air purifier may effectively reduce indoor particulate matter concentrations associated with wood combustion during home heating. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Nov 15; 51(10): 1176-83 We examined the role of aerosol transmission of influenza in an acute ward setting.We investigated a seasonal influenza A outbreak that occurred in our general medical ward (with open bay ward layout) in 2008. Clinical and epidemiological information was collected in real time during the outbreak. Spatiotemporal analysis was performed to estimate the infection risk among patients. Airflow measurements were conducted, and concentrations of hypothetical virus-laden aerosols at different ward locations were estimated using computational fluid dynamics modeling.Nine inpatients were infected with an identical strain of influenza A/H3N2 virus. With reference to the index patient's location, the attack rate was 20.0% and 22.2% in the "same" and "adjacent" bays, respectively, but 0% in the "distant" bay (P = .04). Temporally, the risk of being infected was highest on the day when noninvasive ventilation was used in the index patient; multivariate logistic regression revealed an odds ratio of 14.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.7-131.3; P = .015). A simultaneous, directional indoor airflow blown from the "same" bay toward the "adjacent" bay was found; it was inadvertently created by an unopposed air jet from a separate air purifier placed next to the index patient's bed. Computational fluid dynamics modeling revealed that the dispersal pattern of aerosols originated from the index patient coincided with the bed locations of affected patients.Our findings suggest a possible role of aerosol transmission of influenza in an acute ward setting. Source and engineering controls, such as avoiding aerosol generation and improving ventilation design, may warrant consideration to prevent nosocomial outbreaks. Indoor Air. 2010 Jun; 20(3): 255-62 The effect of a photocatalytic air purifier on perceived air quality (PAQ) was examined in rooms polluted by typical sources of indoor pollution. The rooms were ventilated at three different outdoor air supply rates. The air quality was assessed by a sensory panel when the purifier was in operation as well as when it was off. Operation of the purifier significantly improved PAQ in the rooms polluted by building materials (used carpet, old linoleum, and old chipboard), and a used ventilation filter as well as a mixture of building materials, used ventilation filter and cathode-ray tube computer monitors. The effect corresponded to approximately doubling the outdoor air supply rate. Operation of the purifier significantly worsened the PAQ in rooms with human bioeffluents, probably due to incomplete oxidation of alcohols which are one of the main pollutants emitted by humans. Present results show that the photocatalytic air purifier can supplement ventilation when the indoor air is polluted by building-related sources, but should not be used in spaces where human bioeffluents constitute the main source of pollution. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The present results suggest that a photocatalytic air purifier can supplement ventilation when the indoor air is polluted mainly by building-related sources, for example in unoccupied buildings outside working hours when ventilation is considerably reduced or turned off and pollutants build up and adsorb on indoor surfaces. The results also suggest that use of a photocatalytic air purifier should be avoided when humans are present and constitute main source of pollution. Environ Sci Technol. 2010 Apr 1; 44(7): 2605-11 Comparing the UV-A photocatalytic treatment of bioaerosols contaminated with different airborne microorganisms such as L. pneumophila bacteria, T2 bacteriophage viruses and B. atrophaeus bacterial spores, pointed out a decontamination sensitivity following the bacteria > virus > bacterial spore ranking order, differing from that obtained for liquid-phase or surface UV-A photocatalytic disinfection. First-principles CFD investigation applied to a model annular photoreactor evidenced that larger the microorganism size, higher the hit probability with the photocatalytic surfaces. Applied to a commercial photocatalytic purifier case-study, the CFD calculations showed that the performances of the studied purifier could strongly benefit from rational reactor design engineering. The results obtained highlighted the required necessity to specifically investigate the removal of airborne microorganisms in terms of reactor design, and not to simply transpose the results obtained from studies performed toward chemical pollutants, especially for a successful commercial implementation of air decontamination photoreactors. This illustrated the importance of the aerodynamics in air decontamination, directly resulting from the microorganism morphology. Chemosphere. 2010 Mar; 79(2): 124-30 The degradation of volatile organic compounds in a commercially available non-thermal plasma based air purifying system was investigated. Several studies exist that interrogate the degradation of VOCs in closed air systems using a non-thermal plasma combined with a heterogeneous catalyst. For the first time, however, our study was performed under realistic conditions (normal indoor air, 297.5K and 12.5 g m(-3) water content) on an open system, in the absence of an auxiliary catalyst, and using standard operating air flow rates (up to 320 L min(-1)). Cyclohexene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the xylene isomers were nebulized and guided through the plasma air purifier. The degradation products were trapped by activated charcoal tubes or silica gel tubes, and analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Degradation efficiencies of 11+/-1.6% for cyclohexene, Fitoterapia. 2010 Sep; 81(6): 577-80 Pistacia terebinthus L. smoke has been used traditionally in Iran as disinfectant and air purifier. Smoke was collected by a simple method, and the chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of the smoke were analyzed. The chemical constituents of the smoke were alpha-pinene (65.1%), limonene (11.5%) and allo-ocimene (2.8%). The non polar phase of smoke noticeably inhibited the growth of different microorganisms. MIC test shows that non polar fraction of smoke can inhibit the growth of some bacteria. The results indicating that the properties of the smoke as a flavoring and preservative agent could be a potential subject for future studies. Gen Dent. 2009 May-Jun; 57(3): 226-9 Aerosols and droplets generated by dental procedures are contaminated with blood and bacteria and represent a potential route for the transmission of disease. This study sought to determine if Ionic Breeze air purifiers are effective in collecting and destroying bacteria found in dental aerosols (such as Staphylococcus aureus). This study placed one Sharper Image Professional Series Ionic Breeze Quadra unit and one Ionic Breeze GP unit (with germicidal protection) in dental operatories within the Louisiana State University School of Dentistry. After six hours of operation, bacterial samples were collected and streaked over surfaces of petri dishes containing trypticase soy sucrose bacitracin agar that had been supplemented with 5% sheep blood. The samples were incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 hours; at that point, the microbial colonies were counted. Additional testing was performed on suspect colonies to identify S. aureus strains and to determine if any of those isolates were pathogenic with or without antibiotic resistance. The Ionic Breeze GP unit killed more than 99% of all bacteria on the stainless steel collecting blades. The non-germicidal Ionic Breeze Quadra air purifier collected numerous bacteria that were found to include some pathogenic strains of S. aureus; however, none of these were resistant to antibiotics. Andrologia. 2009 Jun; 41(3): 163-8 A number of studies indicated a clear decline in semen quality in the past 30-50 years and there is accumulating evidence that this decline might result from exposure to high levels of air pollution. To examine the impact of environment on male reproductive ability, we undertook for the first time a pilot study on semen quality of infertile men exposed to purification of indoor air. Ten subjects with a history of unexplained male infertility and poor semen quality were exposed for at least 1 year to a cleaning indoor air system (Koala technology). The key feature of this air purifier is the unique innovative multiple filtering system. The treatment of total purification of indoor air showed neither improvements in semen parameters nor variation in reproductive hormones (P = N.S.), but induced an evident increase (P < 0.03 and more) in seminal leucocytic concentrations. Within the limits due to the small sample of subjects recruited, the sole purification of indoor air does not seem enough to improve semen quality, although the increase in leucocytic concentrations could indicate an activation of the role of immunosurveillance in a purified indoor air environment. Efficient photocatalytic degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde by highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays.
Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Nov 15; 42(22): 8547-51 Highly ordered TiO2 nanotube array prepared by electrochemical anodization generates considerable interest as a practical air purifier, since a nanotube array can form a TiO2 film with a porous surface and straight gas diffusion channel, simultaneously reserving enough geometric thickness. Here, we reported on the application of highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays with different lengths for degradation of gaseous acetaldehyde pollutants in air. The results showed that increasing the lengths of nanotube arrays within a certain range could significantly improve the degradation rate of acetaldehyde molecules. The main product of acetaldehyde degradation was detected to be CO2, which indicated that the mineralization of acetaldehyde molecules was the major process in this photocatalytic reaction. When compared with a P25 TiO2 nanoparticulate film with similar thickness and geometric area, in the initial degradation of acetaldehyde, the nanotube array did not show obvious superiority. However, in the subsequent degradation, the nanotube array demonstrated an enhanced photocatalytic activity. It was suggested that this enhancement resulted from the special infrastructure of the nanotube array, which was favorable for the diffusion of intermediates and the reduced deactivation of photocatalyst in the photocatalytic reaction. Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2008 Sep; 29(9): 2659-64 A novel air purifier was designed for the removal of indoor formaldehyde. The air purifier was filled with glass beads (3 mm) coated with TiO2. The removal efficiency of this air purifier was examined in an airtight room. The results showed that 87.0%-93.8% of the formaldehyde was removed for the initial formaldehyde concentration of 0.727-1.815 mg/m3. The reaction rate equation of the air purifier was developed. The simulation of single device of the air purifier suggested the uniformity of the air flow in the device. Besides, a mathematical model to simulate the variation of formaldehyde in a room was constructed, in which there was continuous formaldehyde emission source and the air purifier was operated. The simulation result was also proved by the experimental data. The results revealed that using the air purifier at intervals could steadily keep the formaldehyde concentration below the National Air Quality Standard of China, i.e. 0.1 mg/m3. J Environ Monit. 2008 Dec; 10(12): 1454-9 Workers exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) very often suffer damage to health, and VOC odours may also represent a serious nuisance. The compounds concerned may be numerous and highly diverse; the concentrations of the individual substances however are generally relatively low. Quality assurance measures such as round-robin tests for the measurement of VOCs in indoor areas or at workplaces have not so far been available. A particular reason for this is the challenge presented by the production of test gases in the necessary concentrations. The BGIA test gas facility has therefore been modified for the production of test gases in the microg/m(3) range. A two-stage primary gas purifier, a continuous test gas generator with multi-stage dilution, a capillary evaporator for low-volatility compounds and an online thermodesorber have been installed specifically for this purpose.Purification of the primary gas proved to be particularly difficult: the available pre-purified compressed air contained organic trace impurities which fluctuated over time. The essential requirement, i.e. the injection into the test gas stream of a primary gas which was constant over time and exhibited the lowest possible contamination, could be satisfied only by catalytic decomposition of the organic residual impurities and with a supplementary adsorber unit. Even with these measures in place, small quantities of organic substances remain present, and the blank readings must still be monitored continuously. Following completion of all modifications, it proved possible to produce test gases with a high degree of reproducibility with substance concentrations in the range of 1 to 500 microg/m(3).Since 2007, the BGIA has been offering round-robin tests for VOCs with local sampling in the range from 5 to 50 microg/m(3). The first round-robin tests show that good results are obtained at concentrations from 10 to 50 microg/m(3). At the lower concentration of < 15 microg/m(3), however, the number of participants experiencing deviations from the reference value was substantially higher. The round-robin tests also involved the taking of blank readings prior to the start of test gas dosing. Some two-thirds of participants were unable to detect any interfering components; the remaining participants produced blank readings the levels of which could not always be explained. The problem may be caused in this case by the carrier material Tenax TA which is usually employed. Indoor Air. 2008 Jun; 18(3): 172-81 Experiments were carried out in a three-row, 21-seat section of a simulated aircraft cabin installed in a climate chamber to evaluate the extent to which passengers' perception of cabin air quality is affected by the operation of a gas-phase adsorption (GPA) purification unit. A total of 68 subjects, divided into four groups of 17 subjects took part in simulated 11-h flights. Each group experienced four conditions in balanced order, defined by two outside air supply rates (2.4 and 3.3 l/s per person), with and without the GPA purification unit installed in the recirculated air system, a total of 2992 subject-hours of exposure. During each flight the subjects completed questionnaires five times to provide subjective assessments of air quality, cabin environment, intensity of symptoms, and thermal comfort. Additionally, the subjects' visual acuity, finger temperature, skin dryness, and nasal peak flow were measured three times during each flight. Analysis of the subjective assessments showed that operating a GPA unit in the recirculated air provided consistent advantages with no apparent disadvantages. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Operating a gas-phase adsorption (GPA) air purifier unit in the recirculated air in a simulated airplane cabin provided a clear and consistent advantage for passengers and crew that became increasingly apparent at longer flight times. This finding indicates that the expense of undertaking duly blinded field trials on revenue flights would be justified. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Apr 1; 41(7): 2498-504 Ionization air purifiers are increasingly used to remove aerosol particles from indoor air. However, certain ionization air purifiers also emit ozone. Reactions between the emitted ozone and unsaturated volatile organic compounds (VOC) commonly found in indoor air produce additional respirable aerosol particles in the ultrafine ( Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Jan 15; 41(2): 606-12 An indoor air purification technique, which combines unipolar ion emission and photocatalytic oxidation (promoted by a specially designed RCI cell), was investigated in two test chambers, 2.75 m3 and 24.3 m3, using nonbiological and biological challenge aerosols. The reduction in particle concentration was measured size selectively in real-time, and the Air Cleaning Factor and the Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) were determined. While testing with virions and bacteria, bioaerosol samples were collected and analyzed, and the microorganism survival rate was determined as a function of exposure time. We observed that the aerosol concentration decreased approximately 10 to approximately 100 times more rapidly when the purifier operated as compared to the natural decay. The data suggest that the tested portable unit operating in approximately 25 m3 non-ventilated room is capable to provide CADR-values more than twice as great than the conventional closed-loop HVAC system with a rating 8 filter. The particle removal occurred due to unipolar ion emission, while the inactivation of viable airborne microorganisms was associated with photocatalytic oxidation. Approximately 90% of initially viable MS2 viruses were inactivated resulting from 10 to 60 min exposure to the photocatalytic oxidation. Approximately 75% of viable B. subtilis spores were inactivated in 10 min, and about 90% or greater after 30 min. The biological and chemical mechanisms that led to the inactivation of stress-resistant airborne viruses and bacterial spores were reviewed. Environ Sci Technol. 2007 Jan 1; 41(1): 229-34 Four different air purification conditions were established in a simulated 3-row 21-seat section of an aircraft cabin: no air purifier; a photocatalytic oxidation unit with an adsorptive prefilter; a second photocatalytic unit with an adsorptive prefilter; and a two-stage sorption-based air filter (gas-phase absorption and adsorption). The air purifiers placed in the cabin air recirculation system were commercial prototypes developed for use in aircraft cabin systems. The four conditions were established in balanced order on 4 successive days of each of 4 successive weeks during simulated 7-h flights with 17 occupants. Proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry was used to assess organic gas-phase pollutants and the performance of each air purifier. The concentration of most organic pollutants present in aircraft cabin air was efficiently reduced by all three units. The photocatalytic units were found to incompletely oxidize ethanol released by the wet wipes commonly supplied with airline mealsto produce unacceptably high levels of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006 Nov 24; 108(2): 161-84 All through time, humans have used smoke of medicinal plants to cure illness. To the best of our knowledge, the ethnopharmacological aspects of natural products' smoke for therapy and health care have not been studied. Mono- and multi-ingredient herbal and non-herbal remedies administered as smoke from 50 countries across the 5 continents are reviewed. Most of the 265 plant species of mono-ingredient remedies studied belong to Asteraceae (10.6%), followed by Solanaceae (10.2%), Fabaceae (9.8%) and Apiaceae (5.3%). The most frequent medical indications for medicinal smoke are pulmonary (23.5%), neurological (21.8%) and dermatological (8.1%). Other uses of smoke are not exactly medical but beneficial to health, and include smoke as a preservative or a repellent and the social use of smoke. The three main methods for administering smoke are inhalation, which accounts for 71.5% of the indications; smoke directed at a specific organ or body part, which accounts for 24.5%; ambient smoke (passive smoking), which makes up the remaining 4.0%. Whereas inhalation is typically used in the treatment of pulmonary and neurological disorders and directed smoke in localized situations, such as dermatological and genito-urinary disorders, ambient smoke is not directed at the body at all but used as an air purifier. The advantages of smoke-based remedies are rapid delivery to the brain, more efficient absorption by the body and lower costs of production. This review highlights the fact that not enough is known about medicinal smoke and that a lot of natural products have potential for use as medicine in the smoke form. Furthermore, this review argues in favor of medicinal smoke extended use in modern medicine as a form of drug delivery and as a promising source of new active natural ingredients. J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2006 May; 56(5): 601-10 Indoor air purifiers are advertised as safe household products for health-conscious individuals, especially for those suffering from allergies and asthma. However, certain air purifiers produce ozone (O3) during operation, either intentionally or as a byproduct of air ionization. This is a serious concern, because O3 is a criteria air pollutant regulated by health-related federal and state standards. Several types of air purifiers were tested for their ability to produce ozone in various indoor environments at 40-50% relative humidity, including office rooms, bathrooms, bedrooms, and cars. O3 levels generated by personal wearable air purifiers were also tested. In many cases, O3 concentrations were well in excess of public and/or industrial safety levels established by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, California Air Resources Board, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Simple kinetic equations were obtained that can predict the steady-state level of O3 in a room from the O3 emission rate of the air purifier and the first-order decay rate of O3 in the room. The additivity of O3 levels generated by independent O3 generators was experimentally demonstrated. Indoor Air. 2005 Dec; 15(6): 432-44 The use of indoor ozone generators as air purifiers has steadily increased over the past decade. Many ozone generators are marketed to consumers for their ability to eliminate odors and microbial agents and to improve health. In addition to the harmful effects of ozone, recent studies have shown that heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions between ozone and some unsaturated hydrocarbons can be an important source of indoor secondary pollutants, including free radicals, carbonyls, carboxylic acids, and fine particles. Experiments were conducted in one apartment and two detached single-family dwellings in Austin, TX, to assess the effects of an ozone generator on indoor secondary organic aerosol concentrations in actual residential settings. Ozone was generated using a commercial ozone generator marketed as an air purifier, and particle measurements were recorded before, during, and after the release of terpenes from a pine oil-based cleaning product. Particle number concentration, ozone concentration, and air exchange rate were measured during each experiment. Particle number and mass concentrations increased when both terpenes and ozone were present at elevated levels. Experimental results indicate that ozone generators in the presence of terpene sources facilitate the growth of indoor fine particles in residential indoor atmospheres. Human exposure to secondary organic particles can be reduced by minimizing the intentional release of ozone, particularly in the presence of terpene sources. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Past studies have shown that ozone-initiated indoor chemistry can lead to elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter, but have generally been completed in controlled laboratory environments and office buildings. We explored the effects of an explicit ozone generator marketed as an air purifier on the formation of secondary organic aerosol mass in actual residential indoor settings. Results indicate significant increases in number and mass concentrations for particles Indoor Air. 2005 Aug; 15(4): 235-45 Numerous techniques have been developed over the years for reducing aerosol exposure in indoor air environments. Among indoor air purifiers of different types, ionic emitters have gained increasing attention and are presently used for removing dust particles, aeroallergens and airborne microorganisms from indoor air. In this study, five ionic air purifiers (two wearable and three stationary) that produce unipolar air ions were evaluated with respect to their ability to reduce aerosol exposure in confined indoor spaces. The concentration decay of respirable particles of different properties was monitored in real time inside the breathing zone of a human manikin, which was placed in a relatively small (2.6 m3) walk-in chamber during the operation of an ionic air purifier in calm air and under mixing air condition. The particle removal efficiency as a function of particle size was determined using the data collected with a size-selective optical particle counter. The removal efficiency of the more powerful of the two wearable ionic purifiers reached about 50% after 15 min and almost 100% after 1.5 h of continuous operation in the chamber under calm air conditions. In the absence of external ventilation, air mixing, especially vigorous one (900 CFM), enhanced the air cleaning effect. Similar results were obtained when the manikin was placed inside a partial enclosure that simulated an aircraft seating configuration. All three stationary ionic air purifiers tested in this study were found capable of reducing the aerosol concentration in a confined indoor space. The most powerful stationary unit demonstrated an extremely high particle removal efficiency that increased sharply to almost 90% within 5-6 min, reaching about 100% within 10-12 min for all particle sizes (0.3-3 microm) tested in the chamber. For the units of the same emission rate, the data suggest that the ion polarity per se (negative vs. positive) does not affect the performance but the ion emission rate does. The effects of particle size (within the tested range) and properties (NaCl, PSL, Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria) as well as the effects of the manikin's body temperature and its breathing on the ionic purifier performance were either small or insignificant. The data suggest that the unipolar ionic air purifiers are particularly efficient in reducing aerosol exposure in the breathing zone when used inside confined spaces with a relatively high surface-to-volume ratio. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Ionic air purifiers have become increasingly popular for removing dust particles, aeroallergens and airborne microorganisms from indoor air in various settings. While the indoor air cleaning effect, resulting from unipolar and bipolar ion emission, has been tested by several investigators, there are still controversial claims (favorable and unfavorable) about the performance of commercially available ionic air purifiers. Among the five tested ionic air purifiers (two wearable and three stationary) producing unipolar air ions, the units with a higher ion emission rate provided higher particle removal efficiency. The ion polarity (negative vs. positive), the particle size (0.3-3 microm) and properties (NaCl, PSL, Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria), as well as the body temperature and breathing did not considerable affected the ionization-driven particle removal. The data suggest that the unipolar ionic air purifiers are particularly efficient in reducing aerosol exposure in the breathing zone when they are used inside confined spaces with a relatively high surface-to-volume ratio (such as automobile cabins, aircraft seating areas, bathrooms, cellular offices, small residential rooms, and animal confinements). Based on our experiments, we proposed that purifiers with a very high ion emission rate be operated in an intermittent mode if used indoors for extended time periods. As the particles migrate to and deposit on indoor surfaces during the operation of ionic air purifiers, some excessive surface contamination may occur, which introduces the need of periodic cleaning these surfaces. |
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